Where science meets
the art of beauty
Skina is a Norsk word meaning “to shine” — and that is precisely the philosophy at the heart of everything we do. To adopt Skina is to let your true vibrance radiate outward: your confidence, your wellbeing, your authentic self. We chose this name because we believe every person carries an inner light, and our role is simply to help it shine through.
Precision care.
Proven results.
What are Rhytids (Wrinkles)?
Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition characterised by excessive, uncontrollable sweating that goes far beyond what the body needs for temperature regulation. It affects approximately 3–5% of the population and can profoundly impact quality of life, self-confidence, and daily functioning.
Unlike ordinary sweating triggered by heat or physical exertion, hyperhidrosis can occur at any time — even in cool conditions or at rest. It commonly affects the underarms (axillary), hands (palmar), feet (plantar), and face or scalp (craniofacial).
The condition stems from overactivity of the eccrine sweat glands, stimulated by the nervous system. In primary hyperhidrosis — the most common form — no underlying medical cause is identified, though it often runs in families.
Botulinum Toxin for Hyperhidrosis
Internationally recognised as one of the most effective, evidence-based treatments for hyperhidrosis. Here is what to expect from your treatment journey.
Initial Consultation
Thorough assessment of symptoms, medical history, and treatment goals. We confirm hyperhidrosis type and identify affected areas.
Personalised Plan
We map precise injection sites and calculate appropriate dosage for your anatomy. Topical anaesthetic cream may be applied for comfort.
The Procedure
Using a very fine needle, small amounts of Botulinum Toxin are administered into the treatment area. Typically takes 20–30 minutes and is well tolerated.
Results & Follow-Up
Results begin within 2–4 days, fully established by 2 weeks. A follow-up review ensures you are delighted with the outcome.
How does Botulinum Toxin stop sweating?
Botulinum Toxin works by temporarily blocking the release of acetylcholine — the neurotransmitter responsible for activating your sweat glands.
When injected into the skin overlying overactive sweat glands, it interrupts the nerve signals that trigger perspiration. The glands remain intact but dormant, producing a dramatic and sustained reduction in sweating.
The treatment is safe, reversible, and does not compromise your body’s overall temperature regulation.
82–87%
Average reduction in sweating in clinical studies
2–4
Days until initial results begin to appear
4–6
Months average before a repeat treatment
FDA
Approved for axillary hyperhidrosis since 2004
Clinical Assessment Tool
Hyperhidrosis Disease
Severity Scale (HDSS)
The HDSS is a validated, internationally recognised single-question scale used by clinicians to quantify the impact of sweating on daily life and to guide treatment decisions. Your score helps determine both the urgency of intervention and the appropriate treatment approach.
The single clinical question:
“How would you rate the tolerability of your sweating — and how often does it interfere with your daily activities?”
1
Sweating is severely disabling. Patients at this level experience profound psychosocial impairment and often avoid social and professional settings entirely. Botulinum toxin injection is the treatment of first choice; most patients achieve a score reduction of 1–2 points following a single treatment session.
What is Masseter Hypertrophy?
The masseter is one of the primary muscles of mastication — the powerful jaw muscle responsible for chewing. Masseter hypertrophy refers to the enlargement of this muscle, resulting in a visibly wider, squarer lower face and a range of uncomfortable physical symptoms.
The condition is often driven by habitual teeth grinding (bruxism) or jaw clenching, which causes the masseter muscle to overdevelop over time. Stress, sleep disorders, or dental misalignment may also contribute.
Many patients seek treatment simultaneously for jaw pain and to soften the appearance of a heavy or square jawline. Botulinum Toxin addresses both concerns in a single, straightforward treatment.
Two benefits. One treatment.
Relieve Pain & Protect Your Teeth
By relaxing the masseter muscle, Botulinum Toxin significantly reduces the force generated during teeth grinding and jaw clenching. Patients typically report marked improvement in jaw pain, morning headaches, and facial tension within the first few weeks — while also protecting teeth from long-term erosion.
A Softer, More Sculpted Jawline
"Less tension. Less bulk. More you."
The Treatment
What to Expect
Clinical Consultation
We assess jaw anatomy, symptom history, and aesthetic goals. The masseter is examined at rest and under contraction to determine the appropriate approach.
Personalised Dosing
Dosage is calibrated to your muscle size and desired outcome. Larger masseters typically require a higher dose for adequate relaxation and visible contouring.
The Procedure
Precise injections are administered directly into the masseter muscle on each side. The procedure takes 15–20 minutes. Discomfort is minimal; no anaesthetic is required.
Results & Review
Functional relief begins within 1–2 weeks. Visible jawline slimming develops over 4–6 weeks. A follow-up review ensures optimal results.
How does it work on the masseter?
Botulinum Toxin temporarily blocks the neuromuscular signal that causes the masseter to contract, preventing acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction.
Without the nerve signal, the masseter cannot generate its usual force. Grinding diminishes, clenching eases, and over subsequent weeks the muscle itself gradually reduces in size.
The treatment is entirely reversible, with neuromuscular signalling resuming naturally over time.
1–2
Weeks for functional relief from bruxism to begin
4–6
Weeks for full jawline slimming to develop
4–6
Months duration before repeat treatment is needed
0
Days of downtime — return to normal activities immediately
How the Masseter Contracts — and Why It Can Damage Teeth
The masseter is one of the most powerful muscles in the human body relative to its size. Watch how repeated, forceful clenching generates compressive forces that, over time, wear, fracture and ultimately break teeth — and why reducing its bulk with botulinum toxin can protect your dentition as well as reshape your face.
200 lbs
Average bite force generated by the masseter during normal chewing
600 lbs
Peak bite force achievable during sleep bruxism — three times normal chewing load
8 hrs
Duration of sustained low-level clenching possible overnight for bruxism sufferers
80 %
Of patients report significant reduction in jaw pain and clenching after botulinum toxin treatment
What are Rhytids (Wrinkles)?
Rhytids (Wrinkles) is the clinical term for wrinkles — the fine lines and creases that develop in the skin as a natural consequence of ageing, repeated facial movement, sun exposure, and environmental factors. They are broadly categorised into two types: dynamic and static.
Dynamic rhytids form as a direct result of repetitive muscle contractions beneath the skin — such as frowning, squinting, smiling, or raising the eyebrows. Over time, these repeated movements etch visible lines into the overlying skin.
Static rhytids are present even at rest and develop as the skin progressively loses collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid with age. Botulinum Toxin is most effective for dynamic rhytids, offering a smooth, natural result that preserves full facial expression.
Botulinum Toxin for Facial Rejuvenation
Facial Assessment
We evaluate your facial anatomy, muscle activity, and skin quality at rest and in motion. Your aesthetic goals are discussed in full to create a personalised treatment map.
Personalised Dosing
Injection sites and dosage are individually planned to soften lines while preserving natural expression. We never over-treat — subtlety and balance are our priorities.
The Procedure
Ultra-fine injections are placed precisely into the targeted muscles. The procedure takes 15–20 minutes. Most patients experience minimal discomfort and return immediately to normal activities.
Results & Review
Results emerge over 3–5 days and are fully visible at 2 weeks. A complimentary review appointment is included to assess your result and address any asymmetry.
How does Botulinum Toxin smooth wrinkles?
When injected into targeted facial muscles, Botulinum Toxin temporarily inhibits the release of acetylcholine — the chemical messenger responsible for triggering muscle contraction.
With the muscle at rest, the overlying skin is no longer repeatedly folded and creased, allowing existing lines to soften and preventing new ones from deepening. The surrounding muscles remain fully functional, preserving natural expression.
Results typically last 3–4 months. With regular maintenance, many patients find results extend as the targeted muscles gradually weaken from reduced use.
3–5
Days for initial results to begin appearing
2
Weeks for full results to be visible
3–4
Months typical duration of results
0
Days of downtime — resume normal activities immediately
What are Dermal Fillers?
Dermal fillers are injectable treatments used to restore volume, smooth static lines and folds, enhance facial contours, and rejuvenate areas of the face that have lost fullness with age. The most widely used and clinically validated fillers are composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) — a substance naturally present in the skin, joints, and connective tissue.
As we age, we progressively lose facial volume, bone density, and soft tissue support. The skin thins, collagen diminishes, and fat compartments deflate and migrate — producing hollowness, sagging, and deepened folds. Dermal fillers address these changes by restoring structural support and hydration from within the skin.
When performed by a skilled practitioner, dermal fillers produce beautifully natural results — enhancing your features without altering your fundamental appearance. Our approach is always one of restoration and balance, never excess.
Natural results. Expertly delivered.
In-Depth Consultation
A full facial analysis assessing facial proportions, volume distribution, skin quality, and your desired outcome. We discuss product selection and set realistic, honest expectations.
Treatment Planning
A bespoke plan is created detailing areas to be treated, product choice, volume, and technique. Topical anaesthetic is applied to maximise comfort prior to the procedure.
The Procedure
Filler is administered using fine needles or blunt-tipped cannulas depending on the treatment area. Most procedures take 30–60 minutes. Results are visible immediately, refining further over 2 weeks.
Review & Aftercare
A review appointment at 2 weeks allows us to assess the final result and make any refinements. Our team is available for any post-treatment queries.
How do hyaluronic acid fillers work?
Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring polysaccharide with a remarkable capacity to bind and retain water — up to 1,000 times its own weight. When injected into targeted areas of the face, it physically restores volume, lifts overlying tissue, and hydrates the skin from within.
Modern HA fillers are cross-linked to varying degrees, giving them different textures and lifting capacities suited to different anatomical areas — from the delicate periorbital region to the structural support required for cheek and chin treatment.
HA fillers are fully reversible using an enzyme called hyaluronidase, which rapidly dissolves the product if required.
Instant
Volume restoration — results visible immediately
2
Weeks for swelling to fully resolve and results to settle
9–24
Months typical duration depending on area and product
100%
Reversible — dissolvable with hyaluronidase if required
Microneedling with SkinPen
Microneedling — also known as collagen induction therapy — is a clinically validated skin regeneration treatment that harnesses the body’s own natural healing mechanisms to improve skin texture, tone, and overall quality. SkinPen by Crown Aesthetics is the world’s first FDA-cleared microneedling device, and the gold standard in professional microneedling treatment.
The SkinPen creates thousands of precise, microscopic channels in the skin using a sterile, single-use cartridge of fine needles. This controlled injury triggers the skin’s natural wound-healing cascade — stimulating the production of new collagen, elastin, and growth factors without causing significant damage to the surrounding tissue.
The result is progressive, natural-looking improvement in skin quality — reducing the appearance of scarring, pigmentation, enlarged pores, and the fine lines associated with ageing. Unlike ablative treatments, microneedling is suitable for all skin types including darker skin tones.
The world's first FDA-cleared microneedling device.
FDA-Cleared & Clinically Proven
Precision Depth Control for Every Skin Concern
"Stimulate. Regenerate. Reveal."
The Treatment
Your SkinPen Journey
Skin Consultation
A thorough assessment of your skin type, concerns, medical history, and suitability for microneedling. We may recommend a patch test and pre-treatment skincare protocol to optimise your results.
Skin Preparation
Topical anaesthetic cream is applied 30–45 minutes before treatment. The skin is cleansed and a sterile serum applied to facilitate smooth gliding of the device across the treatment area.
The Procedure
The SkinPen is passed methodically across the treatment area in multiple directions. Treatment depth is adjusted to the specific concern and area. The procedure typically takes 30–60 minutes.
Results & Review
Skin will appear red and flushed for 24–48 hours — similar to mild sunburn. Visible improvements develop progressively over 4–6 weeks as new collagen forms, with best results seen after a course of 3–6 treatments.
How does microneedling stimulate skin renewal?
The microscopic channels created by the SkinPen’s needles trigger the skin’s natural wound-healing response in three sequential phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling.
During proliferation, fibroblasts migrate to the treated area and begin synthesising new collagen and elastin fibres. In the remodelling phase — which continues for several months — this new collagen matures and reorganises, progressively improving skin texture, firmness, and the appearance of scars and lines.
Because the channels are microscopic and the epidermis remains largely intact, the skin heals rapidly with minimal downtime.
24–48h
Typical recovery time — mild redness and sensitivity
4–6
Weeks for initial collagen remodelling to become visible
3–6
Sessions recommended for optimum results (4–6 weeks apart)
All
Skin types suitable — including darker Fitzpatrick skin tones
Fun Facts — Botulinum Toxin
💉
German physician Justinus Kerner was the first to systematically study botulism after outbreaks linked to poorly preserved sausages in Württemberg. He coined the term Wurstgift — “sausage poison” — correctly identifying that the toxin blocked muscle contraction via the nervous system. Remarkably, he speculated in writing that controlled doses might one day have therapeutic uses — nearly 170 years before this would be proven.
Dr. Scott conducted the first human trials of botulinum toxin for strabismus in 1978 with highly encouraging results. In 1989, the FDA granted the world’s first approval for botulinum toxin type A — for strabismus, blepharospasm, and hemifacial spasm. The era of therapeutic botulinum toxin had officially begun.
1987 — The Accidental Discovery
1820
Year the toxin was first described — over 200 years of science
7
Distinct serotypes of botulinum toxin — only Type A and B used medically
20+
FDA-approved medical indications today
9M+
Cosmetic treatments per year in the USA alone
✨
The World's First Filler Injection
SkinPen is the world’s first FDA-cleared microneedling device, supported by published clinical trials demonstrating its safety and efficacy. Its single-use, sterile needle cartridge eliminates cross-contamination risk — a critical distinction from lower-grade alternatives. Each cartridge is used once and discarded, ensuring the highest standard of patient safety at every treatment.
Fat Grafting — The Elegant Idea
Liquid Silicone — Promise and Peril
Bovine Collagen — The First Modern Filler
Hyaluronic Acid Changes Everything
A Global Multi-Billion Dollar Industry
1893
First filler injection — paraffin, with disastrous results
15g
Hyaluronic acid naturally present in the average adult body
80%
Of all fillers today are hyaluronic acid — reversible with enzyme
4.3M
Filler procedures performed in the USA in 2022
The principle of creating controlled injury to stimulate healing is thousands of years old. Microneedling’s journey from ancient acupuncture to NASA-validated technology is one of the most fascinating stories in aesthetic medicine.
Acupuncture — The Earliest Needling
The Scientific Foundation — Orentreich's Discovery
The Dermaroller is Invented
Why Injuring Skin Makes It Better
Each needle penetration creates a microscopic wound channel that triggers the skin’s natural repair cascade: platelet activation releases growth factors (PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF); fibroblasts migrate to the wound site and begin synthesising new collagen and elastin; epidermal stem cells in the hair follicles proliferate to resurface the microchannels. The epidermis remains largely intact (unlike laser or chemical peels), dramatically reducing downtime while producing genuine structural skin improvement over 4–6 weeks.
Space Research Validates the Mechanism
SkinPen — The World's First FDA-Cleared Device
3,000
Years of needling-based therapy, from acupuncture to CIT
1,500+
Microchannels created per cm² in a single session
90%
Of subjects showed significant improvement in SkinPen's FDA trial
2015
Year SkinPen became the world's first FDA-cleared microneedling device
From nightingale droppings to electric current, from snake venom to 24-carat gold — humanity’s pursuit of beauty has produced some genuinely extraordinary treatments. Here are some of the world’s most unusual, surprising, and surprisingly effective cosmetic rituals.
Nightingale Droppings
The uguisu no fun ("nightingale droppings") facial has been used in Japan for centuries — traditionally by geisha and kabuki actors to remove heavy theatrical make-up and brighten the skin. The droppings are collected from nightingales fed a specific diet, UV-sterilised, dried and powdered. They contain guanine (an amino acid) and natural enzymes that exfoliate dead skin cells. The treatment was famously popularised in Western spa culture and can cost upwards of US$180 per session in New York. The smell, guests report, is best described as "earthy."
Live Snake Massage
At the Ada Barak spa in northern Israel, guests can receive a massage using six live non-venomous snakes — king snakes, corn snakes, and milk snakes — ranging from small to large. The larger snakes are said to produce a deep-tissue kneading effect, while smaller snakes provide lighter sensation. Proponents claim the experience relieves muscle tension and anxiety. Ada Barak, who launched the treatment in 2013, reported that guests who overcame their initial apprehension frequently described profound relaxation. Sessions cost approximately US$70.
Electricity for Your Face
Microcurrent facial therapy delivers imperceptibly low levels of electrical current (measured in microamperes — millionths of an ampere) to facial muscles and tissue. The technology originated in medical rehabilitation for Bell's palsy and facial muscle re-education in the 1970s before migrating to aesthetics. Proponents call it a "non-surgical face lift." The current is said to stimulate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production in cells, theoretically accelerating tissue repair and temporarily increasing muscle tone. Celebrities including Jennifer Aniston and Brie Larson have publicly credited microcurrent devices. The science remains active and evolving.
24-Carat Gold Facials
Gold has been used in skincare since Cleopatra allegedly slept in a pure gold mask to preserve her complexion. Modern 24-carat gold facials — available at luxury spas globally for US$250–US$1,000+ — use nano-gold particles claimed to stimulate collagen synthesis, reduce inflammation, and improve elasticity. Some high-end products (including La Prairie's Cellular Cream Platinum Rare at ~US$1,000 per jar) contain platinum alongside gold. The science is modest; the luxury experience is not. The Japanese brand SK-II's gold sheet masks became a cult item among K-beauty devotees in the 2010s.
Sheep and Horse Placenta Injections
Placenta extract injections — using proteins derived from porcine (pig) or equine (horse) placenta — are popular anti-ageing treatments across South Korea, Japan, and Russia. The treatment is claimed to stimulate cell renewal, improve skin hydration, and reduce fatigue. In Japan, the pharmaceutical-grade porcine placenta extract Laennec is prescribed by clinics as an injectable liver treatment and anti-ageing therapy. South Korean beauty products containing placenta extract are widely available in pharmacies. The efficacy evidence is variable; the market enthusiasm is not.
Setting Your Face on Fire (Briefly)
Huo liao — fire therapy — involves soaking a towel in alcohol and a "special elixir," placing it on the face or body, and briefly igniting it before smothering the flame. Practitioners claim it stimulates circulation, treats dull skin, and combats signs of ageing. The treatment has been offered at Chinese spas and clinics for centuries. Western dermatologists view the practice with significant scepticism and concern; burns and complications have been documented. It remains popular in certain regions of China despite repeated medical warnings.
PRP — Your Own Blood, On Your Face
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) facial therapy — immortalised as the "Vampire Facial" when Kim Kardashian posted a blood-smeared selfie in 2013 — involves drawing the patient's own blood, centrifuging it to concentrate the platelet-rich plasma, and either injecting it or applying it topically in conjunction with microneedling. PRP contains high concentrations of growth factors (PDGF, TGF, VEGF) that accelerate tissue healing. PRP is well-established in orthopaedics and sports medicine; its aesthetic applications have growing (if still maturing) clinical evidence. The Instagram reach, however, was immediate and global.
Live Snails on Your Skin
Snail slime — or mucin — has become one of the most commercially successful ingredients in K-beauty skincare. Live snail facials, originating in Chile and popularised through Japan and South Korea, involve allowing live giant African land snails to traverse the face, depositing their mucin trail directly onto the skin. Snail mucin contains glycoproteins, hyaluronic acid, glycolic acid, and copper peptides — all recognised by dermatology for wound healing and skin hydration benefits. The ingredient has now been validated in multiple peer-reviewed studies and is found in mainstream skincare products globally.
Bathing in Red Wine
The Caudalie Vinothérapie® spa in Bordeaux — opened in 1999 by Mathilde and Bertrand Thomas — pioneered wine therapy, offering treatments including barrel baths filled with red wine, grape seed scrubs, and wine-based massage oils. The polyphenols in grape seeds — particularly resveratrol — are potent antioxidants with documented anti-inflammatory properties. The Thomases worked with Nobel Prize-winning professor Jacques Masquelier, who had identified grape seed oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) in the 1940s. Caudalie's skincare line, built on this research, is now sold in over 100 countries.
Why Choose Us
References & Scientific Citations
All treatment claims, FDA approval statements, and clinical outcomes presented on this website are grounded in peer-reviewed research, regulatory documentation, and published clinical data. Citations are organised by treatment area.
Hyperhidrosis & Botulinum Toxin for Sweating
American Society of Plastic Surgeons. 2022 ASPS Procedural Statistics Report. Arlington Heights, IL: ASPS; 2023. plasticsurgery.org/documents/News/Statistics/2022/plastic-surgery-statistics-report-2022.pdf
1989
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A for strabismus, blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm
2002
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox® Cosmetic) for glabellar lines
2003
FDA
Restylane® (first HA filler) for nasolabial folds
2004
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A for primary axillary hyperhidrosis
2010
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A for chronic migraine
2013
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A for lateral canthal lines (crow's feet)
2015
FDA
SkinPen® — first microneedling device cleared for acne scars
2021
FDA
Botulinum toxin type A for forehead lines and crow's feet (additional labelling)
Why Choose Us
The Skina Standard
We combine clinical excellence with a genuinely patient-centred approach — so you feel confident, informed, and well cared for at every step of your journey with us.
Medically Qualified Practitioners
Our team are fully trained medical professionals with specialist expertise in aesthetic medicine, injectable treatments, and skin health. You will never be treated by someone without appropriate clinical qualifications.
Evidence-Based Protocols
Every treatment follows rigorously validated clinical protocols. We use only licensed, pharmaceutical-grade products and devices — dosing and technique decisions are guided by clinical evidence and individual patient assessment.
Honest, Unhurried Consultations
Your consultation is dedicated to understanding your concerns, setting realistic expectations, and ensuring you feel fully informed and empowered — never pressured. We will always tell you when a treatment is not right for you.
Comprehensive Aftercare
Our care doesn't end when you leave the clinic. Every patient receives detailed aftercare guidance, a follow-up review, and direct access to our team for any questions or concerns at any stage.
Tailored to You
No two patients are identical. Treatment plans, dosage, product selection, and technique are all carefully individualised to your anatomy, skin type, and personal goals — maximising efficacy, safety, and satisfaction.
Discreet & Professional Environment
Our clinic provides a welcoming, discreet, and entirely judgement-free environment. We understand that aesthetic and medical concerns are personal — your privacy and dignity are always respected.
We would love
to hear from you
Whether you are ready to book your first consultation, have a question about a specific treatment, or simply want to learn more about what we offer — our friendly team is here to help. Reach out through any of the channels below, or complete the form and we will get back to you promptly.
[email protected] We aim to respond within one business day
PHONE
1-877-73-SKINA 1 (877) 737-5462 · Mon–Fri, 9am–5pm ET
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